Confinement interaction in nonlinear generalizations of the Wick-Cutkosky model

We consider nonlinear-mediating-field generalizations of the Wick-Cutkosky model. Using an iterative approach and eliminating the mediating field by means of the covariant Green function we arrive at a Lagrangian density containing many-point time-nonlocal interaction terms. In low-order approximations of $\phi^3{+}\phi^4$ theory we obtain the usual two-current interaction as well as a three-current interaction of a confining type. The same result is obtained without approximation for a version of the dipole model. The transition to the Hamiltonian formalism and subsequent canonical quantization is performed with time non-locality taken into account approximately. A relativistic three-particle wave equation is derived variationally by using a three-particle Fock space trial state. The non-relativistic limit of this equation is obtained and its properties are analyzed and discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, LaTe

Primary cutaneous CD4-positive small/medium-sized pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma following heart transplantation

Post-transplantation cutaneous lymphoproliferative diseases (PTCLD) are rare, with 29 cases have so far been reported in the literature—only 4 cases underwent cardiac transplantation. Herein, we report on, to the best of our knowledge, the first case in the English literature of primary cutaneous CD4-positive small/medium-sized pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma in a cardiac transplant recipient

Root development controls hotspots localization and temperature sensitivity of enzyme activity in the rhizosphere

The rhizosphere is a very important and dynamic hotspot of microbial activity in soil. Consequently, the enzyme activities in the rhizosphere are a footprint of complex plant-microbial interactions and may reflect functional response to climate changes.The temperature sensitivity of enzymes responsible for organic matter decomposition in soil is crucial for predicting the effects of global warming on the carbon cycle and sequestration. For the first time, we applied the in situ soil zymography for identification and localization of hotspots of phosphatase and chitinase activity in the rhizosphere of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under warming effect - (18 and 25 °C) after 14 and 30 days. Thus, we test the hypotheses that due to high inputs of easily degradable organic compounds from the roots canceling effect: strong reduction of temperature sensitvity (Q10~1) of catalytic reactions will not accoure in the rhizosphere. Correspondingly, the Q10 values for reaction rates were always >1, at root-soil interface, with the average range of 1.3 –1.4 Independent of enzymes, canceling was never observed at vicinity of root. Thus, canceling effect is a substrate concentration dependence phenomenon. To our knowledge, this is the first study explored the canceling effect in the rhizosphere. Absence of canceling at root-soil interface for phosphates and chitinase revealed that warming will accelerate P and N mobilization in the rhizosphere. Altogether, for the first time we showed that extent of enzyme activity’s rhizosphere is constant, temporally however, there is a temporal heterogeneity of enzymatic hotspots localization in soil. Thus, increasing in temperature had a positive impact on overall enzyme activities, Rice growth and root development, conducted an enzyme specific impact on hotspots percentage and localization patterns. We conclude that absence of canceling at root-soil interface for tested enzymes revealed that warming will accelerate nutrient mobilization in the rhizosphere more than root free soil

The Rules of Human T Cell Fate in vivo.

The processes governing lymphocyte fate (division, differentiation, and death), are typically assumed to be independent of cell age. This assumption has been challenged by a series of elegant studies which clearly show that, for murine cells in vitro, lymphocyte fate is age-dependent and that younger cells (i.e., cells which have recently divided) are less likely to divide or die. Here we investigate whether the same rules determine human T cell fate in vivo. We combined data from in vivo stable isotope labeling in healthy humans with stochastic, agent-based mathematical modeling. We show firstly that the choice of model paradigm has a large impact on parameter estimates obtained using stable isotope labeling i.e., different models fitted to the same data can yield very different estimates of T cell lifespan. Secondly, we found no evidence in humans in vivo to support the model in which younger T cells are less likely to divide or die. This age-dependent model never provided the best description of isotope labeling; this was true for naïve and memory, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, this age-dependent model also failed to predict an independent data set in which the link between division and death was explored using Annexin V and deuterated glucose. In contrast, the age-independent model provided the best description of both naïve and memory T cell dynamics and was also able to predict the independent dataset

Study of Soil Compaction Using X-Ray Computed Tomography

The maximum dry density and optimum moisture content obtained from the laboratory compaction curve have been used customarily to characterize the field behavior of compacted soils. It is well known, however, that the microstructure of compacted soils is dependent on the method of compaction. The structure has an important influence on the engineering behavior of compacted soils. Therefore, in order to provide a better description of compacted soils, methods that can quantify the changes in microstructure are needed. In this study, compacted specimens at various densities and water content were scanned using X-ray Computed Tomography (CT). It has been found that there is direct correspondence between the CT numbers, soil dry density and moisture content. The scanning observations showed also the development of shear planes parallel to the surface of the compacted soil, and changes in structure of the soil towards a more uniform arrangement around the point of optimum moisture content. Compaction of the soil beyond the optimum moisture content appears to disperse soil particles with an overall uniform structure

On kilka fishing status in the Caspian Sea

lran's commercial catch on this fish commenced in 1971 and in spite of recent years endeavour to boost the development of kilka fishery, the catch did not exceed 15 thousand tones by year 1991. In this regard a one year survey program conducted in 1991 data collected and stock status identified in Iranian coastline at areas with a seabed depth of 40 to 80 m, in 56 fishing stations spaced at 10 mile intervals along the coast. The survey showed that Clupeonella engruliformis is dominant (91.8 %) followed by Clupeonella grimmi (6.84%) and Clupeonella cultriventris which shared only 1.35% of the total catch. Furthermore 69.95% of Anchovy type kilka, 81.06% of Big eye kilka and 80.88% of common kilka belonged to 2+ and 3+ year class. This major fishing study which carried out in Bandar Anzali using "Catch per Unit Effort" Method, reflects practical variability in fishing and shows that there are more suitable areas with higher densities than Bandar Anzati stations which are yet unexploited. 17 fishing stations from among 56 demonstrate catch rate ranging from 800-1200 kg kilka per unit effort per hour which can h ranked in the first class of kilka yielding grounds, Traditional fishing grounds in Anzali show the catch rate of 400-800 kg per unit effort per hour which is the second class in kilka fishing grounds category. The Iranian coastline bottom topography features sharp slopes which is a favorable habitat for wintering of kilka. The present study shows that possible yearly catch can be promoted up to a ceiling of 100, 1000 metric tons

A Distributed Transaction and Accounting Model for Digital Ecosystem Composed Services

This paper addresses two known issues for dynamically composed services in digital ecosystems. The first issue is that of efficient distributed transaction management. The conventional view of transactions is unsuitable as the local autonomy of the participants is vital for the involvement of SMEs. The second issue is that of charging for such distributed transactions, where there will often be dynamically created services whose composition is not known in advance and might involve parts of different transactions. The paper provides solutions for both of these issues, which can be combined to provide for a unified approach to transaction management and accounting of dynamically composed services in digital ecosystems

Alternative schemes for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution

Practical schemes for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution using phase and path or time encoding are presented. In addition to immunity to existing loopholes in detection systems, our setup employs simple encoding and decoding modules without relying on polarization maintenance or optical switches. Moreover, by employing a modified sifting technique to handle the dead-time limitations in single-photon detectors, our scheme can be run with only two single-photon detectors. With a phase-postselection technique, a decoy-state variant of our scheme is also proposed, whose key generation rate scales linearly with the channel transmittance.Comment: 30 pages, 5 figure

Targeting Listeria monocytogenes consensus sequence of internalin genes using an antisense molecule

As an intracellular pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes can enter host cells where it can replicate and escape detection and eradication by the host immune response making the clearance of infection very challenging. Furthermore, with the advent of antimicrobial resistance, the need for alternative targets is inevitable. Internalin proteins are crucial to this bacterium as they contribute to bacterial entry to the systemic circulation. In this study, we targeted a highly conserved region of these proteins by an antisense sequence that was covalently conjugated to the cell penetrating peptides (CPP) to overcome the challenging delivery barriers. Then, we evaluated the efficiency of this construct in vitro. We also assessed the antigenicity, cytotoxicity, and probability of apoptosis induction by this construct. The studied CPP-PNA inhibited bacterial growth and suppressed the mRNA expression of internalins in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, at all studied concentrations, CPP-PNA significantly reduced the invasion rate of L. monocytogenes in the examined cell lines. Moreover, different concentrations of CPP-PNA did not have a significant antigenic, cytotoxic, and apoptotic properties compared to the control. These results suggest the effectiveness of CPP-antisense in targeting the mRNAs of internalins for various research, therapeutic and preventive purposes. However, additional research is required to evaluate the potency, safety, and pharmacokinetics of this compound for the prevention and treatment of listeriosis